Development and application of a questionnaire to evaluate signs of temporomandibular disorder observed by caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to detect signs of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), verifying whether the perception of signs observed by caregivers of non-verbal autistic children are the same as those observed by caregivers of verbal ones. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, exploratory and analytical study. The sample consisted of forty individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), thirty non-verbal and ten verbal, besides their respective caregivers. For this, an experimental questionnaire was applied and compared to the European Academy of Orofacial Pain (EAOP) questionnaire, which is already validated and widely used throughout the world. All responses were compared using the chi-square test and the questionnaires were compared with the McNemar test, considering p < .05. RESULTS: When comparing the number of coincident responses to the questionnaire between caregivers and children, the mean was 8.2 ± 1.61 responses. After performing the binomial test, no statistically significant discrepancy was found between the results of the two tests adopted when the questionnaires were compared (Mc Nemar test, p > .05) CONCLUSION: The development of this questionnaire and its validation serve as a support for health professionals in the TMD area, for the detection of TMD in non-verbal autistic children, providing them and their caregivers, who are faced with several difficulties in their day-by-day, a facilitating instrument.

Características sociodemográficas e clínicas de pacientes com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana / Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with human immunodeficiency virus

Objetivo descrever as características sociodemográficas e clínicas de pacientes diagnosticados com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Métodos estudo descritivo e documental, desenvolvido a partir das informações sociodemográficas e clínicas contidas nas fichas de identificação de 33 pacientes diagnosticados com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Os dados foram analisados por meio do programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 18 para o cálculo das medidas estatísticas e associação entre variáveis. Resultados em relação às características dos pacientes, a média de idade foi de 42 anos, variando entre 20 e 64 anos, 54,5% mulheres, casados e com baixa escolaridade, 84,8% heterossexuais e que se expuseram ao vírus por meio de relação sexual (p=0,495). Conclusão percebeu-se que os pacientes com a infecção foram mulheres, jovens, com baixo nível de instrução e com exposição ao vírus pelo contato sexual e multiparcerias desprotegidas.

Objective to describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with the human immunodeficiency virus. Methods this is a descriptive and documentary study, developed from the sociodemographic and clinical information registered in the identification sheets of 33 patients diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 18, with calculation of statistical measures and association between variables. Results regarding the characteristics of the patients, the average age was 42 years, ranging from 20 to 64 years, 54.5% were women, married and with low level of education, 84.8% were heterosexual and exposed to the virus through of sexual intercourse (p=0.495). Conclusion the patients with the infection were women, young, with low education and exposure to the virus due to sexual contact and unprotected sex with multiple partners.

Knowledge and perceptions on toxoplasmosis among pregnant women and nurses who provide prenatal in primary care.

BACKGROUND: Toxoplasmosis is an infection that affects almost a third of the world population. In adults, it is often asymptomatic, although having important manifestation in children- infected by placental transmission. The prenatal is an important moment, requiring actions in women's care during pregnancy, in order to prevent diseases that could compromise the mother and the child's life. METHODS: This is a descriptive study of qualitative approach aimed to understand the perception of nurses and pregnant women about toxoplasmosis during primary - prenatal care. The study was conducted in five selected primary health care units, in the municipality of São Luis - MA. The sample consisted of 15 nurses working in nursing consultation and 15 pregnant women attended in prenatal care. For data collection, a semi-structured questionnaire and an interview guide covering issues related to knowledge and conduct on toxoplasmosis were used. For analysis, the content analysis technique was used. RESULTS: The answers were transcribed, organized and grouped thematically, where the following categories emerged: knowledge about examination requests; knowledge about toxoplasmosis; guidance during prenatal consultation; knowledge of nurses about the avidity test; procedures and guidelines on reagent cases. Pregnant women showed unawareness about toxoplasmosis and its effects. Nurses, although having basic knowledge about the subject, showed little applicability regarding pregnant women's guidance. CONCLUSION: The nurse plays an important role in educational activities regarding pregnant women, contributing to the quality of prenatal care. Pregnant women were shown to have some knowledge about toxoplasmosis, although they said they did not have assurance about prevention.

Knowledge and perceptions on toxoplasmosis among pregnant women and nurses who provide prenatal in primary care

ABSTRACT Background Toxoplasmosis is an infection that affects almost a third of the world population. In adults, it is often asymptomatic, although having important manifestation in children- infected by placental transmission. The prenatal is an important moment, requiring actions in women’s care during pregnancy, in order to prevent diseases that could compromise the mother and the child’s life. Methods This is a descriptive study of qualitative approach aimed to understand the perception of nurses and pregnant women about toxoplasmosis during primary – prenatal care. The study was conducted in five selected primary health care units, in the municipality of São Luis - MA. The sample consisted of 15 nurses working in nursing consultation and 15 pregnant women attended in prenatal care. For data collection, a semi-structured questionnaire and an interview guide covering issues related to knowledge and conduct on toxoplasmosis were used. For analysis, the content analysis technique was used. Results The answers were transcribed, organized and grouped thematically, where the following categories emerged: knowledge about examination requests; knowledge about toxoplasmosis; guidance during prenatal consultation; knowledge of nurses about the avidity test; procedures and guidelines on reagent cases. Pregnant women showed unawareness about toxoplasmosis and its effects. Nurses, although having basic knowledge about the subject, showed little applicability regarding pregnant women’s guidance. Conclusion The nurse plays an important role in educational activities regarding pregnant women, contributing to the quality of prenatal care. Pregnant women were shown to have some knowledge about toxoplasmosis, although they said they did not have assurance about prevention.